Memulai dengan Contacts

Panduan ini akan memandu Anda mengintegrasikan plugin Capacitor Contacts ke dalam aplikasi Anda.

Instalasi

Instal plugin menggunakan npm:

npm install @capgo/capacitor-contacts
npx cap sync

Konfigurasi iOS

Tambahkan berikut ini ke Info.plist Anda:

<key>NSContactsUsageDescription</key>
<string>This app needs access to contacts to let you select recipients</string>

Konfigurasi Android

Tambahkan izin berikut ke AndroidManifest.xml Anda:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS" />

Penggunaan Dasar

Impor Plugin

import { Contacts } from '@capgo/capacitor-contacts';

Minta Izin

const requestPermissions = async () => {
  const permission = await Contacts.requestPermissions();
  console.log('Permission status:', permission.contacts);
};

Dapatkan Semua Kontak

const getAllContacts = async () => {
  const result = await Contacts.getContacts({
    projection: {
      name: true,
      phones: true,
      emails: true,
      image: true
    }
  });

  console.log('Contacts:', result.contacts);
};

Cari Kontak

const searchContacts = async (query: string) => {
  const result = await Contacts.getContacts({
    projection: {
      name: true,
      phones: true,
      emails: true
    },
    query: query
  });

  console.log('Search results:', result.contacts);
};

Buat Kontak

const createContact = async () => {
  const newContact = {
    name: {
      given: 'John',
      family: 'Doe'
    },
    phones: [{
      type: 'mobile',
      number: '+1234567890'
    }],
    emails: [{
      type: 'work',
      address: 'john.doe@example.com'
    }]
  };

  const result = await Contacts.createContact(newContact);
  console.log('Contact created:', result);
};

Perbarui Kontak

const updateContact = async (contactId: string) => {
  const updates = {
    contactId: contactId,
    name: {
      given: 'Jane',
      family: 'Doe'
    }
  };

  await Contacts.updateContact(updates);
  console.log('Contact updated');
};

Hapus Kontak

const deleteContact = async (contactId: string) => {
  await Contacts.deleteContact({ contactId });
  console.log('Contact deleted');
};

Contoh Lengkap

Berikut adalah contoh lengkap dengan service kontak:

import { Contacts } from '@capgo/capacitor-contacts';

interface Contact {
  contactId: string;
  name: {
    display?: string;
    given?: string;
    family?: string;
  };
  phones?: Array<{ type: string; number: string }>;
  emails?: Array<{ type: string; address: string }>;
  image?: { base64String: string };
}

class ContactsService {
  async checkPermissions(): Promise<boolean> {
    const permission = await Contacts.checkPermissions();

    if (permission.contacts === 'granted') {
      return true;
    }

    const requested = await Contacts.requestPermissions();
    return requested.contacts === 'granted';
  }

  async getAllContacts(): Promise<Contact[]> {
    const hasPermission = await this.checkPermissions();
    if (!hasPermission) {
      throw new Error('Contacts permission denied');
    }

    const result = await Contacts.getContacts({
      projection: {
        name: true,
        phones: true,
        emails: true,
        image: true
      }
    });

    return result.contacts;
  }

  async searchContacts(query: string): Promise<Contact[]> {
    if (!query || query.length < 2) {
      return [];
    }

    const result = await Contacts.getContacts({
      projection: {
        name: true,
        phones: true,
        emails: true
      },
      query: query
    });

    return result.contacts;
  }

  async getContactById(contactId: string): Promise<Contact | null> {
    const result = await Contacts.getContacts({
      projection: {
        name: true,
        phones: true,
        emails: true,
        image: true,
        organization: true,
        birthday: true,
        note: true,
        urls: true,
        postalAddresses: true
      },
      contactId: contactId
    });

    return result.contacts.length > 0 ? result.contacts[0] : null;
  }

  async createContact(contact: Partial<Contact>): Promise<string> {
    const hasPermission = await this.checkPermissions();
    if (!hasPermission) {
      throw new Error('Contacts permission denied');
    }

    const result = await Contacts.createContact(contact);
    return result.contactId;
  }

  async updateContact(contactId: string, updates: Partial<Contact>): Promise<void> {
    await Contacts.updateContact({
      contactId,
      ...updates
    });
  }

  async deleteContact(contactId: string): Promise<void> {
    await Contacts.deleteContact({ contactId });
  }

  formatPhoneNumber(phone: string): string {
    // Remove non-numeric characters
    const cleaned = phone.replace(/\D/g, '');

    // Format as (XXX) XXX-XXXX
    if (cleaned.length === 10) {
      return `(${cleaned.slice(0, 3)}) ${cleaned.slice(3, 6)}-${cleaned.slice(6)}`;
    }

    return phone;
  }

  getContactInitials(contact: Contact): string {
    const given = contact.name?.given || '';
    const family = contact.name?.family || '';

    if (given && family) {
      return `${given[0]}${family[0]}`.toUpperCase();
    }

    const display = contact.name?.display || '';
    const parts = display.split(' ');

    if (parts.length >= 2) {
      return `${parts[0][0]}${parts[1][0]}`.toUpperCase();
    }

    return display.slice(0, 2).toUpperCase();
  }
}

// Usage
const contactsService = new ContactsService();

// Get all contacts
const contacts = await contactsService.getAllContacts();
console.log('Contacts:', contacts);

// Search contacts
const results = await contactsService.searchContacts('john');
console.log('Search results:', results);

// Create contact
const newContactId = await contactsService.createContact({
  name: { given: 'Jane', family: 'Smith' },
  phones: [{ type: 'mobile', number: '+1234567890' }]
});

// Update contact
await contactsService.updateContact(newContactId, {
  emails: [{ type: 'work', address: 'jane@example.com' }]
});

Memahami Projection

Parameter projection mengontrol field mana yang akan diambil:

const result = await Contacts.getContacts({
  projection: {
    name: true,           // Contact name
    phones: true,         // Phone numbers
    emails: true,         // Email addresses
    image: true,          // Contact photo
    organization: true,   // Company/organization
    birthday: true,       // Birth date
    note: true,          // Notes
    urls: true,          // Websites
    postalAddresses: true // Physical addresses
  }
});

Tips: Hanya minta field yang Anda butuhkan untuk meningkatkan performa.

UI Pemilih Kontak

Banyak aplikasi lebih suka menggunakan pemilih kontak native:

const pickContact = async () => {
  try {
    const result = await Contacts.pickContact({
      projection: {
        name: true,
        phones: true,
        emails: true
      }
    });

    if (result.contacts.length > 0) {
      const contact = result.contacts[0];
      console.log('Selected contact:', contact);
    }
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Contact picker cancelled or failed:', error);
  }
};

Praktik Terbaik

1. Minta Izin Minimal: Hanya minta izin kontak saat diperlukan
2. Gunakan Projection: Hanya ambil field yang benar-benar Anda gunakan
3. Tangani Penolakan: Berikan fallback ketika izin ditolak
4. Cache dengan Bijak: Kontak bisa berubah, jangan cache terlalu lama
5. Hormati Privasi: Bersikap transparan tentang penggunaan kontak
6. Operasi Async: Semua operasi kontak bersifat async

Masalah Umum

Izin Ditolak

const handlePermissionDenied = async () => {
  const permission = await Contacts.checkPermissions();

  if (permission.contacts === 'denied') {
    // Show dialog explaining why permission is needed
    showPermissionDialog();
    // Direct user to settings
    // On iOS: Settings > [App] > Contacts
    // On Android: Settings > Apps > [App] > Permissions
  }
};

Daftar Kontak Besar

const loadContactsInBatches = async () => {
  // Get count first (lightweight)
  const projection = { name: true }; // Minimal projection

  // Implement pagination if needed
  const allContacts = await Contacts.getContacts({ projection });

  // Process in chunks
  const chunkSize = 100;
  for (let i = 0; i < allContacts.contacts.length; i += chunkSize) {
    const chunk = allContacts.contacts.slice(i, i + chunkSize);
    await processContactChunk(chunk);
  }
};

Langkah Selanjutnya

• Jelajahi Referensi API untuk dokumentasi metode lengkap
• Lihat aplikasi contoh untuk penggunaan lanjutan
• Lihat tutorial untuk contoh implementasi lengkap